eprintid: 10118815 rev_number: 20 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/11/88/15 datestamp: 2021-01-11 11:13:23 lastmod: 2021-12-20 01:01:18 status_changed: 2021-01-11 11:13:23 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Bu, F creators_name: Steptoe, A creators_name: Fancourt, D title: Relationship between loneliness, social isolation and modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a latent class analysis ispublished: inpress divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: D12 divisions: J96 note: This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. abstract: Background: There is growing research into the effects of psychological and social factors such as loneliness and isolation on cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is unclear whether individuals with particular clusters of CVD risk factors are more strongly affected by loneliness and isolation. This study aimed to identify latent clustering of modifiable risk factors among adults aged 50+ and explore the relationship between loneliness, social isolation and risk factor patterns. Methods: Data from 8218 adults of English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used in latent class analyses to identify latent classes of cardiovascular risk factors and predictors of class membership. Results: There were four latent classes: low-risk (30.2%), high-risk (15.0%), clinical-risk (42.6%) and lifestyle-risk (12.2%) classes. Loneliness was associated with a greater risk of being in the high-risk class (relative risk ratio (RRR) 2.40, 95%CI 2.40 to 1.96) and lifestyle-risk class (RRR 1.36, 95%CI 1.10 to 1.67) and a lower risk of being in the clinical-risk class (RRR 0.84, 95%CI 0.72 to 0.98) relative to the low-risk class. Social disengagement, living alone and low social contact were also differentially associated with latent class memberships. Conclusion: These findings supplement our existing knowledge of modifiable risk factors for CVD by showing how risk factors cluster together and how the risk patterns are related to social factors, offering important implications for clinical practice and preventive interventions date: 2021-01-06 official_url: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-215539 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1841604 doi: 10.1136/jech-2020-215539 pii: jech-2020-215539 lyricists_name: Bu, Feifei lyricists_name: Fancourt, Daisy lyricists_name: Steptoe, Andrew lyricists_id: FBUXX37 lyricists_id: DFANC73 lyricists_id: ASTEP39 actors_name: Bu, Feifei actors_id: FBUXX37 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health event_location: England citation: Bu, F; Steptoe, A; Fancourt, D; (2021) Relationship between loneliness, social isolation and modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a latent class analysis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 10.1136/jech-2020-215539 <https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-215539>. (In press). Green open access document_url: https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10118815/1/jech-2020-215539.full.pdf