TY  - JOUR
N2  - Cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are increasing at an alarming rate due to the rise in obesity, sedentary lifestyles, glucose-rich diets and other factors. Numerous studies have increasingly illustrated the pivotal role that human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) plays in the pathology of T2DM through damage and subsequent loss of pancreatic ?-cell mass. HIAPP can misfold and form amyloid fibrils which are preceded by pre-fibrillar oligomers and monomers, all of which have been linked, to a certain extent, to ?-cell cytotoxicity through a range of proposed mechanisms. This review provides an up-to-date summary of recent progress in the field, highlighting factors that contribute to hIAPP misfolding and aggregation such as hIAPP protein concentration, cell stress, molecular chaperones, the immune system response and cross-seeding with other amyloidogenic proteins. Understanding the structure of hIAPP and how these factors affect amyloid formation will help us better understand how hIAPP misfolds and aggregates and, importantly, help identify potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting amyloidosis so alternate and more effective treatments for T2DM can be developed.
TI  - Factors That Contribute to hIAPP Amyloidosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
PB  - MDPI
ID  - discovery10148592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040583
Y1  - 2022/04/01/
VL  - 12
A1  - Sevcuka, Adriana
A1  - White, Kenneth
A1  - Terry, Cassandra
EP  - 19
AV  - public
KW  - Science & Technology
KW  -  Life Sciences & Biomedicine
KW  -  Biology
KW  -  Microbiology
KW  -  Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
KW  -  human islet amyloid polypeptide
KW  -  amyloidosis
KW  -  type 2 diabetes mellitus
KW  -  aggregation
KW  -  INSULIN-DEGRADING ENZYME
KW  -  ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS
KW  -  OXIDATIVE STRESS
KW  -  THERAPEUTIC TARGET
KW  -  POLYPEPTIDE IAPP
KW  -  BETA
KW  -  AMYLIN
KW  -  MEMBRANE
KW  -  MECHANISM
KW  -  DEGRADATION
IS  - 4
N1  - This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
JF  - Life
ER  -