?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Subway+Station+Real-time+Indoor+Positioning+System+for+Cell+Phones&rft.creator=Ma%2C+C&rft.creator=Wan%2C+C&rft.creator=Chau%2C+Y&rft.creator=Kang%2C+S&rft.creator=Selviah%2C+D&rft.description=As+wireless+local+area+network%2C+WLAN%2C+access+point+(AP)+are+becoming+very+common+wireless+communication+infrastructures+in+indoor+environments%2C+Wi-Fi+signal+based+Indoor+Positioning+Systems+(IPS)+have+been+widely+developed+in+recent+years+and+one+of+the+most+popular+technologies+is+the+received+signal+strength+(RSS)+fingerprinting+technology.+However%2C+due+to+large+amount+of+time-consuming+work+required+for+offline+calibration+in+large+indoor+environments%2C+researchers+have+investigated+generating+the+calibration+database+while+walking+about+instead+of+carrying+out+measurements+over+a+time+period+at+fixed+reference+points+%5B1%5D.+This+paper+combines+both+Wi-Fi+fingerprinting+and+Pedestrian+Dead-reckoning+(PDR)+technologies+to+introduce+a+real-time+indoor+navigation+system+for+large+complex+three-dimensional+indoor+environments+including+a+novel+calibration+method+with+associated+novel+matching+algorithms.+Detailed+experiments+were+conducted+in+two+subway+stations+with+complicated+structure+under+normal+operating+conditions+in+which+trains+regularly+arrived+and+departed+and+groups+of+people+walked+to+and+from+the+trains.+The+results+for+real+cell+phone+tracking+on+phones+carried+by+passengers%2C+give+a+satisfactory+error+of+2.9+metres+during+peak+congestion+times+and+1.7+metres+when+few+people+were+in+the+station.&rft.subject=Fingerprint+recognition%2C+Calibration%2C+Wireless+fidelity%2C+Legged+locomotion%2C+Databases%2C+Public+transportation%2C+Smart+phones%2C+Wi-Fi+fingerprinting%2C+Pedestrian+Dead-reckoning+(PDR)%2C+indoor+positioning+system+(IPS)%2C+Kalman+Filter%2C+Power+strength+histogram%2C+subway+station%2C+signal+processing&rft.publisher=IEEE&rft.date=2017-11-23&rft.type=Proceedings+paper&rft.publisher=2017+International+Conference+on+Indoor+Positioning+and+Indoor+Navigation+(IPIN)&rft.language=eng&rft.source=+++++In%3A++Proceedings+of+the+2017+International+Conference+on+Indoor+Positioning+and+Indoor+Navigation+(IPIN).++++IEEE%3A+Sapporo%2C+Japan.+(2017)+++++&rft.format=text&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1561272%2F1%2FSubway%2520Station%2520Real-time%2520Indoor%2520Positioning%2520System%2520for%2520Cell%2520Phones.pdf&rft.format=slideshow&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1561272%2F8%2FMa_IPIN2017_Presentation.pptx&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1561272%2F&rft.rights=open