Soar, K;
Chapman, E;
Lavan, N;
Jansari, AS;
Turner, JJD;
(2016)
Investigating the effects of caffeine on executive functions using traditional Stroop and a new ecologically-valid virtual reality task, the Jansari assessment of Executive Functions (JEF(©)).
Appetite
, 105
pp. 156-163.
10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.021.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Caffeine has been shown to have effects on certain areas of cognition, but in executive functioning the research is limited and also inconsistent. One reason could be the need for a more sensitive measure to detect the effects of caffeine on executive function. This study used a new non-immersive virtual reality assessment of executive functions known as JEF(©) (the Jansari Assessment of Executive Function) alongside the 'classic' Stroop Colour-Word task to assess the effects of a normal dose of caffeinated coffee on executive function. METHOD: Using a double-blind, counterbalanced within participants procedure 43 participants were administered either a caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee and completed the 'JEF(©)' and Stroop tasks, as well as a subjective mood scale and blood pressure pre- and post condition on two separate occasions a week apart. JEF(©) yields measures for eight separate aspects of executive functions, in addition to a total average score. RESULTS: Findings indicate that performance was significantly improved on the planning, creative thinking, event-, time- and action-based prospective memory, as well as total JEF(©) score following caffeinated coffee relative to the decaffeinated coffee. The caffeinated beverage significantly decreased reaction times on the Stroop task, but there was no effect on Stroop interference. CONCLUSION: The results provide further support for the effects of a caffeinated beverage on cognitive functioning. In particular, it has demonstrated the ability of JEF(©) to detect the effects of caffeine across a number of executive functioning constructs, which weren't shown in the Stroop task, suggesting executive functioning improvements as a result of a 'typical' dose of caffeine may only be detected by the use of more real-world, ecologically valid tasks.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Investigating the effects of caffeine on executive functions using traditional Stroop and a new ecologically-valid virtual reality task, the Jansari assessment of Executive Functions (JEF(©)) |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.021 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.021 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Caffeine, Cognitive, Executive function, JEF(©), Mood, Stroop, Adult, Caffeine, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Coffee, Double-Blind Method, Executive Function, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Mental Fatigue, Mood Disorders, Performance-Enhancing Substances, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Task Performance and Analysis, Virtual Reality |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10075699 |
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