Saito, M;
Kondo, N;
Aida, J;
Kawachi, I;
Koyama, S;
Ojima, T;
Kondo, K;
(2017)
Development of an instrument for community-level health related social capital among Japanese older people: The JAGES Project.
Journal of Epidemiology
, 27
(5)
pp. 221-227.
10.1016/j.je.2016.06.005.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: We developed and validated an instrument to measure community-level social capital based on data derived from older community dwellers in Japan. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey involving 123,760 functionally independent older people nested within 702 communities (i.e., school districts). We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses on survey items to determine the items in a multi-dimensional scale to measure community social capital. Internal consistency was checked with Cronbach's alpha. Convergent construct validity was assessed via correlating the scale with health outcomes. RESULTS: From 53 candidate variables, 11 community-level variables were extracted: participation in volunteer groups, sports groups, hobby activities, study or cultural groups, and activities for teaching specific skills; trust, norms of reciprocity, and attachment to one's community; received emotional support; provided emotional support; and received instrumental support. Using factor analysis, these variables were determined to belong to three sub-scales: civic participation (eigenvalue = 3.317, α = 0.797), social cohesion (eigenvalue = 2.633, α = 0.853), and reciprocity (eigenvalue = 1.424, α = 0.732). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the goodness of fit of this model. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis revealed that civic participation score was robustly associated with individual subjective health (Self-Rated Health: prevalence ratio [PR] 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-0.98; Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]: PR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.97). Reciprocity score was also associated with individual GDS (PR 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00). Social cohesion score was not consistently associated with individual health indicators. CONCLUSIONS: Our scale for measuring social capital at the community level might be useful for future studies of older community dwellers.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Development of an instrument for community-level health related social capital among Japanese older people: The JAGES Project |
| Location: | Japan |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.je.2016.06.005 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.je.2016.06.005 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | Community level, Factorial validity, Older people, Reliability, Social capital, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Geriatric Assessment, Health Status, Humans, Japan, Male, Population Surveillance, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Residence Characteristics, Social Capital, Social Participation, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trust |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10037740 |
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