Dacie, S; van Driel-Gesztelyi, L; Demoulin, P; Linton, MG; Leake, JE; MacTaggart, D; Cheung, MCM; (2017) Field distribution of magnetograms from simulations of active region formation. Astronomy and Astrophysics , 606 , Article A34. 10.1051/0004-6361/201730767.

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Abstract

CONTEXT: The evolution of the photospheric magnetic field distributions (probability densities) was derived for a set of active regions in Dacie et al. (2016). Photospheric field distributions are a consequence of physical processes that are difficult to pin-point only from observations. AIMS: In this study, we analyse simulated magnetograms from numerical simulations, which model the emergence and the decay of active regions. These simulations have different experimental set-ups and include different physical processes, allowing us to investigate the relative importance of convection, magnetic buoyancy, magnetic twist and braiding for flux emergence. METHODS: We look specifically at the photospheric field distributions (probability densities found using kernel density estimation analysis) and compare the results with those found from observations. RESULTS: Simulations including convection most accurately reproduce the observed evolution of the photospheric field distributions during active region evolution. CONCLUSIONS: This indicates that convection may play an important role during the decay phase and also during the formation of active regions, particularly for low flux density values.

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