Ramos-Cejudo, J;
Wisniewski, T;
Marmar, C;
Zetterberg, H;
Blennow, K;
de Leon, MJ;
Fossati, S;
(2018)
Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer's Disease: The Cerebrovascular Link.
[Review].
EBioMedicine
, 28
pp. 21-30.
10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.021.
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are devastating neurological disorders, whose complex relationship is not completely understood. Cerebrovascular pathology, a key element in both conditions, could represent a mechanistic link between Aβ/tau deposition after TBI and the development of post concussive syndrome, dementia and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). In addition to debilitating acute effects, TBI-induced neurovascular injuries accelerate amyloid β (Aβ) production and perivascular accumulation, arterial stiffness, tau hyperphosphorylation and tau/Aβ-induced blood brain barrier damage, giving rise to a deleterious feed-forward loop. We postulate that TBI can initiate cerebrovascular pathology, which is causally involved in the development of multiple forms of neurodegeneration including AD-like dementias. In this review, we will explore how novel biomarkers, animal and human studies with a focus on cerebrovascular dysfunction are contributing to the understanding of the consequences of TBI on the development of AD-like pathology.
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