Huang, Y; Zhang, H; Wang, C; Chen, B; Zhang, Y; Guo, J; Yuan, H; ... Liu, X; + view all Huang, Y; Zhang, H; Wang, C; Chen, B; Zhang, Y; Guo, J; Yuan, H; Xiang, M; Tian, Z; Li, G; Liu, X; - view fewer (2019) A New Luminous blue variable in the outskirt of the Andromeda Galaxy. The Astrophysical Journal Letters , 884 (1) , Article L7. 10.3847/2041-8213/ab430b.

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Abstract

The hot massive luminous blue variables (LBVs) represent an important evolutionary phase of massive stars. Here, we report the discovery of a new LBV -- LAMOST J0037+4016 in the distant outskirt of the Andromeda galaxy. It is located in the south-western corner (a possible faint spiral arm) of M31 with an unexpectedly large projection distance of $\sim$ 22 kpc from the center. The optical light curve shows a 1.2 mag variation in $V$ band and its outburst and quiescence phases both last over several years. The observed spectra indicate an A-type supergiant at epoch close to the outburst phase and a hot B-type supergiant with weak [Fe II] emission lines at epoch of much dimmer brightness. The near-infrared color-color diagram further shows it follows the distribution of Galactic and M31 LBVs rather than B[e] supergiants. All the existing data strongly show that LAMOST J0037+4016 is an LBV. By spectral energy distribution fitting, we find it has a luminosity ($4.42 \pm 1.64$)$\times 10^5$ $L_{\odot}$ and an initial mass $\sim 30$ $M_{\odot}$, indicating its nature of less luminosity class of LBV.

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