Male, T; (2019) Towards school autonomy in England: A troubled and far from complete journey. In: Rauscher, E and Wiesner, C and Paasch, D and Heissenberger, P, (eds.) Schulautonomie - Perspektiven in Europa. (pp. 241-253). Waxmann: Munster, Germany.

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on the journey towards autonomy for state-maintained schools in England. Firstly, it is important to recognise that a total of four national school systems exist within the United Kingdom as both Northern Ireland and Scotland have their own regulations, whilst Wales has devolved powers which allow for different policy enactments. Secondly, it is necessary to understand the complexity of provision within England that gives legitimacy to independent fee paying, independent state-funded and local authority-maintained schools. The notion of independent state-funded schools has been manifested in the current century through the creation of academies, which are corporatized entities funded directly from central government. At the time of writing independent fee-paying schools account for some seven per cent of the relevant student population (i.e. those of compulsory education ages – currently 5 to 16 years), with the remainder being almost equally split between local authority schools and academies. Academy trusts will be explored more fully later in this chapter, but the story starts with the prolonged attempts between 1870 and 1970 to establish a national school system.

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