Sutclifee, Alastair Gordon; (2001) A study of children born after novel types of in vitro fertilisation. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether children born following embryo cryopreservation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) have an increased risk of congenital, physical or developmental problems. Design: Case control studies with close matching for socio-demographic and other factors likely to affect health and development. Subjects 1. Frozen embryo study: 91 study and 83 control children aged between one and four years. 2. ICSI study: 208 study children and 221 controls aged between one and two years. Setting 1. IVF centre in the North West of England. 2. 22 of 32 assisted reproduction centres providing ICSI in the United Kingdom. Main outcome measures: Neurodevelopmental scores and presence of congenital abnormalities. All children were assessed by a single examiner (AGS). Results: Neurodevelopmental scoring in the frozen embryo study showed that mean scores were similar but the study children scored less well on speech and language scales. All Griffiths scores in the ICSI study were normal. Congenital abnormality rates overall were comparable and within the expected range but children born to fathers with oligozoospermia had a higher overall rate of congenital abnormalities. Children in both study groups were more likely than controls to be lower birth weight, to be born at earlier gestation and to be born by caesarean section, but resuscitation at birth and admission rates to neonatal intensive care units were comparable. Conclusions: Children born after embryocryopreservation/ICSI appear, overall, to be developmentally normal with no increase in perinatal morbidity or major congenital anomalies. However ICSI children conceived from oligozoospermic males may be at increased risk of congenital anomalies.

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