Cook, Victoria Ann Mills; (2001) An investigation into the role of pregnancy in the development of stress incontinence of urine. Doctoral thesis (M.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Methods: For the prospective observational study, 250 women were recruited from the antenatal clinics of University College London Hospital and The Whittington Hospital at their booking appointment. All women were less than 20 weeks pregnant at booking. The patients were interviewed with a standard questionnaire at booking, 28 weeks, 34 - 36 weeks of pregnancy and at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. At the first interview patients were asked about incontinence prior to the pregnancy. The patients then completed a frequency volume voiding chart for each visit except the first. They were asked to attend the clinic with a full bladder and performed a standing stress test at the 28 and 34 - 36 week visit. The delivery details were collected at the first postpartum interview. For the retrospective study 300 primiparous patients who had delivered at The Whittington hospital were sent a questionnaire three months after delivery. Results: 181 women completed the prospective study. The reported frequency of micturition increased during pregnancy and declined after delivery. The frequency of micturition recorded on the charts showed a similar pattern. The total volume voided per day increased during pregnancy and declined after delivery whereas the mean volume voided at each micturition decreased in pregnancy compared to postpartum. There was no difference in the mean volume voided in the women who reported incontinence compared to those women who were dry. The numbers of women reporting incontinence increased in pregnancy to 44.8% at 28 weeks and then declined after delivery to 12.2% at 12 weeks postpartum. 58.1% of the retrospective questionnaires were returned. 32.9% had some form of incontinence at the time of completing the questionnaire whereas 31.8% had incontinence in pregnancy.

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