Wang, XC;
Klemeš, JJ;
Wang, Y;
Foley, A;
Huisingh, D;
Guan, D;
Dong, X;
(2021)
Unsustainable imbalances and inequities in Carbon-Water-Energy flows across the EU27.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
, 138
, Article 110550. 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110550.
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Abstract
The EU27 countries exert significant influence on the global patterns of the CO2-Emissions-Water-Energy (CWE) nexus. However, whether the associated benefits are similar for all countries is unclear. In this paper, an EU27 multiregional input-output model, at a sector level to identify the inter-regional and -sectoral CWE flows, and clarify the regional, sectoral and worldwide patterns of EU27 CWE network is presented. The results revealed an environmental inequality across the EU27 and impacts on the rest of the world. The EU27 countries contributed 1.4 Gt less CO2 emissions, 64.5 Gm3 less water utilisation and 49 EJ less energy consumption, compared to the rest of the world while generating the equivalent economic output in 2014. This has dramatic effects upon the global environment. Germany, France and Italy are the biggest beneficiaries in the CWE nexus in the EU27. It is recommended that the EU27 provide more technical support to upstream countries in the EU and elsewhere to strive to improve their resource utilisation efficiencies.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Unsustainable imbalances and inequities in Carbon-Water-Energy flows across the EU27 |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110550 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110550 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Carbon-water-energy flows, Embodied energy, Embodied CO2, Embodied water, EU27, Input-output model |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10119104 |
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