Ejim, Obiora Stephen; (1992) Fibronectin abnormalities in diabetes mellitus, vascular and neoplastic diseases. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The involvement of the glycoprotein fibronectin in some cardiovascu1ar and other disease states has been investigated. In particular the technique of venous compression and later release has been applied to patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and to young smokers, together with further studies on platelets from PVD patients. PVD patients showed an abnormal fibronectin release after compression, an effect not seen in diabetics or young smokers. Using flow cytometry, platelet surface fibronectin was also shown to be increased on thrombin stimulation. In rats, plasma levels were not affected by induced diabetes, but were reduced in plasma, liver and kidney by semi-starvation. Tissue localisation and plasma levels of fibronectin were investigated in rats with either streptozotocin-induced diabetes, or after a period of semi-starvation. Neonatal but not maternal plasma fibronectin was associated with the extent of intrauterine growth retardation (lUGR). Fibronectin staining was also increased in the stroma of breast carcinoma biopsies, and in aortic atheromatous plaques, with lower levels when calcification was present. Plasma fibronectin was also increased in patients undergoing successful liver transplantation, although sepsis, rejection and transfusion were confounding factors. The relevance of fibronectin and fibronectin measurement, to the pathology, diagnosis and management of these various disorders is discussed.

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