Ahmed, F; Eames, I; Moeendarbary, E; Azarbadegan, A; (2021) High-Strouhal-number pulsatile flow in a curved pipe. Journal of Fluid Mechanics , 923 , Article A15. 10.1017/jfm.2021.553.

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Abstract

The high-Strouhal-number pulsatile flow in a curved pipe is studied numerically. A general force analysis is developed for the bend force, where the new contribution from flow acceleration is identified and analysed. The mechanisms of secondary flow production are studied by extending Hawthorne's (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 206, issue 1086, 1951, pp. 374–387) model to account for viscous effects and applied to assess the distinct contributions from an inviscid stretching and no-slip condition. A detailed comparison is made between the numerical simulations and models for a pipe flow characterised by a volume flux Q=UbA|sinΩpt| (where Ub is the maximum bulk velocity, Ωp is the angular frequency and A is the pipe cross-sectional area). For high-Reynolds-number (Reb) and high-Strouhal-number (St), the bend force predictions are in good agreement with the numerical results over a wide range of bend curvature (Rc/D; where Rc is the bend radius of curvature and D is the pipe diameter) owing to the influence of the streamwise flow acceleration on the pressure field. At high-St, the streamwise vorticity (secondary flow) distribution is steady and close to the low-St case, which is explained using a linear secondary flow model.

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