Filteau, Suzanne;
Kasonka, Lackson;
Wells, Jonathan CK;
Munthali, Grace;
Chisenga, Molly;
Rehman, Andrea Mary;
(2022)
Anthropometry, body composition, early growth and chronic disease risk factors among Zambian adolescents exposed or not to perinatal maternal HIV.
British Journal of Nutrition
10.1017/S0007114522001775.
(In press).
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Abstract
Early life exposures and growth patterns may affect long-term risk of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD). We followed up in adolescence two Zambian cohorts (n 322) recruited in infancy to investigate how two early exposures - maternal HIV exposure without HIV infection (HEU) and early growth profile - were associated with later anthropometry, body composition, blood lipids, Hb and HbA1c, blood pressure and grip strength. Although in analyses controlled for age and sex, HEU children were thinner, but not shorter, than HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children, with further control for socio-demographic factors, these differences were not significant. HEU children had higher HDL-cholesterol than HUU children and marginally lower HbA1c but no other biochemical or clinical differences. We identified three early growth profiles - adequate growth, declining and malnourished - which tracked into adolescence when differences in anthropometry and body fat were still seen. In adolescence, the early malnourished group, compared with the adequate group, had lower blood TAG and higher HDL, lower grip strength (difference: -1·87 kg, 95 % CI -3·47, -0·27; P = 0·02) and higher HbA1c (difference: 0·5 %, 95 % CI 0·2, 0·9; P = 0·005). Lower grip strength and higher HbA1c suggest the early malnourished children could be at increased risk of NCD in later life. Including early growth profile in analyses of HIV exposure reduced the associations between HIV and outcomes. The results suggest that perinatal HIV exposure may have no long-term effects unless accompanied by poor early growth. Reducing the risk of young child malnutrition may lessen children's risk of later NCD.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Anthropometry, body composition, early growth and chronic disease risk factors among Zambian adolescents exposed or not to perinatal maternal HIV |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1017/S0007114522001775 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522001775 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited. |
| Keywords: | HIV, Growth trajectory, Body composition, Chronic disease risk, Adolescent, HbA1c, Cohort |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Population, Policy and Practice Dept UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10152056 |
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