Lisica, Ana; Fouchard, Jonathan; Kelkar, Manasi; Wyatt, Tom PJ; Duque, Julia; Ndiaye, Anne-Betty; Bonfanti, Alessandra; ... Charras, Guillaume T; + view all Lisica, Ana; Fouchard, Jonathan; Kelkar, Manasi; Wyatt, Tom PJ; Duque, Julia; Ndiaye, Anne-Betty; Bonfanti, Alessandra; Baum, Buzz; Kabla, Alexandre J; Charras, Guillaume T; - view fewer (2022) Tension at intercellular junctions is necessary for accurate orientation of cell division in the epithelium plane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 119 (49) , Article e2201600119. 10.1073/pnas.2201600119.

Preview

Text pnas.2201600119.pdf - Published Version Download (3MB) | Preview

Abstract

The direction in which a cell divides is set by the orientation of its mitotic spindle and is important for determining cell fate, controlling tissue shape, and maintaining tissue architecture. Divisions parallel to the epithelial plane sustain tissue expansion. By contrast, divisions perpendicular to the plane promote tissue stratification and lead to the loss of epithelial cells from the tissue-an event that has been suggested to promote metastasis. Much is known about the molecular machinery involved in orienting the spindle, but less is known about the contribution of mechanical factors, such as tissue tension, in ensuring spindle orientation in the plane of the epithelium. This is important as epithelia are continuously subjected to mechanical stresses. To explore this further, we subjected suspended epithelial monolayers devoid of extracellular matrix to varying levels of tissue tension to study the orientation of cell divisions relative to the tissue plane. This analysis revealed that lowering tissue tension by compressing epithelial monolayers or by inhibiting myosin contractility increased the frequency of out-of-plane divisions. Reciprocally, increasing tissue tension by elevating cell contractility or by tissue stretching restored accurate in-plane cell divisions. Moreover, a characterization of the geometry of cells within these epithelia suggested that spindles can sense tissue tension through its impact on tension at subcellular surfaces, independently of their shape. Overall, these data suggest that accurate spindle orientation in the plane of the epithelium relies on a threshold level of tension at intercellular junctions.

Download activity - last month

Export as JSONXMLCSV

Download activity - last 12 months

Export as CSVJSONXML

Downloads by country - last 12 months

Export as JSONXMLCSV

Archive Staff Only

View Item