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Stochastic causal programming for bounding treatment effects

Padh, Kirtan; Zeitler, Jakob; Watson, David; Kusner, Matt; Silva, Ricardo; Kilbertus, Niki; (2023) Stochastic causal programming for bounding treatment effects. In: Van der Schaar, Mihaela and Zhang, Cheng and Janzing, Dominik, (eds.) Proceedings of the Second Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning. (pp. pp. 142-176). Proceedings of Machine Learning Research (PMLR): Tübingen, Germany. Green open access

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Abstract

Causal effect estimation is important for many tasks in the natural and social sciences. We design algorithms for the continuous partial identification problem: bounding the effects of multivariate, continuous treatments when unmeasured confounding makes identification impossible. Specifically, we cast causal effects as objective functions within a constrained optimization problem, and minimize/maximize these functions to obtain bounds. We combine flexible learning algorithms with Monte Carlo methods to implement a family of solutions under the name of stochastic causal programming. In particular, we show how the generic framework can be efficiently formulated in settings where auxiliary variables are clustered into pre-treatment and post-treatment sets, where no fine-grained causal graph can be easily specified. In these settings, we can avoid the need for fully specifying the distribution family of hidden common causes. Monte Carlo computation is also much simplified, leading to algorithms which are more computationally stable against alternatives.

Type: Proceedings paper
Title: Stochastic causal programming for bounding treatment effects
Event: Second Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
Publisher version: https://proceedings.mlr.press/v213/padh23a.html
Language: English
Additional information: This is an Open Access paper published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Causal effects, partial identification, shape constraints
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Statistical Science
URI: https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10167000
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