Zhou, R; Marshman, RJ; Bose, S; Mazumdar, A; (2023) Mass-independent scheme for enhancing spatial quantum superpositions. Physical Review A , 107 (3) , Article 032212. 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.032212.

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Abstract

Placing a large mass in a large spatial superposition, such as a Schrödinger cat state, is a significant and important challenge. In particular, the large spatial superposition [O(10-100)μm] of mesoscopic masses [m∼O(10-14-10-15)kg] makes it possible to test the quantum nature of gravity via entanglement in the laboratory. To date, the proposed methods of achieving this spatial delocalization are to use wave-packet expansions or quantum ancilla- (for example, spin-) dependent forces, all of whose efficacy reduces with mass. Thus increasing the spatial splitting independently of the mass is an important open challenge. In this paper we present a method of achieving a mass-independent enhancement of superposition via diamagnetic repulsion from current-carrying wires. We analyze an example system which uses the Stern-Gerlach effect to creating a small initial splitting and then apply our diamagnetic repulsion method to enhance the superposition size O(400-600)μm from an initial modest split of the wave function. We provide an analytical and numerical analysis of our scheme.

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