Mazloomian, Katrina;
Lancaster, Hector JJ;
Howard, Christopher AA;
Shearing, Paul RR;
Miller, Thomas SS;
(2023)
Supercapacitor Degradation: Understanding Mechanisms of Cycling-Induced Deterioration and Failure of a Pseudocapacitor.
Batteries & Supercaps
, Article e202300214. 10.1002/batt.202300214.
(In press).
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Abstract
Owing to a reputation for long lifetimes and excellent cycle stability, degradation in supercapacitors has largely been overlooked. In this work, we demonstrate that significant degradation in some commercial supercapacitors can in fact occur early in their life, leading to a rapid loss in capacitance, especially when utilized in full voltage range, high charge-discharge frequency applications. By using a commercial 300 F lithium-ion pseudocapacitor rated for 100,000 charge/discharge cycles as an example system, it is shown that a ∼96 % loss in capacitance over the first ∼2000 cycles is caused by significant structural and chemical change in the cathode active material (LiMn2O4, LMO). Multi-scale in-situ and ex-situ characterization, using a combination of X-ray computed tomography, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, shows that while minimal material loss (∼5.5 %), attributed to the dissolution of Mn2+, is observed, the primary mode of degradation is due to manganese charge disproportionation (Mn3+→Mn4++Mn2+) and its physical consequences (i. e. microstrain formation, particle fragmentation, loss of conductivity etc.). In contrast to prior understanding of LMO material degradation in battery systems, negligible contributions from cubic-to-tetragonal phase transitions are observed. Hence, as supercapacitors are becoming more widely utilized in real-world applications, this work demonstrates that it is vital to understand the mechanisms by which this family of devices change during their lifetimes, not just for lithium-ion pseudocapacitors, but for a wide range of commercial chemistries.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Supercapacitor Degradation: Understanding Mechanisms of Cycling-Induced Deterioration and Failure of a Pseudocapacitor |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1002/batt.202300214 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.202300214 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Physical Sciences, Technology, Electrochemistry, Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Materials Science, lithium-ion capacitor, lithium manganese oxide, LMO, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray computed tomography, LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES, HYBRID ENERGY-STORAGE, X-RAY-DIFFRACTION, LATTICE-VIBRATIONS, ION BATTERY, SPINEL ELECTRODES, TRANSITION, LIMN2O4, INSERTION, CATHODES |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Chemical Engineering UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Physics and Astronomy |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10173601 |
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