Abdulhussein, D; Yap, TE; Cordeiro, MF; (2022) Imaging of apoptosing retinal cells for early diagnosis. In: Handbook of Basic and Clinical Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (pp. 577-580). Elsevier

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Abstract

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death not only leads to loss of vision in glaucoma but also in other neurological disorders. This is associated with characteristic thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, cupping of the optic disk, and visual field loss. This occurs mainly via a process of apoptosis, a cascade of cellular events resulting in programmed cell death. This event can be triggered in response to many pathological events, such as ischemia or axonal injury. Detectable visual field defects do not become apparent until approximately 30% of RGCs are lost, unfortunately delaying diagnosis by possibly over 8 years in some cases. It, therefore, follows that if we can quantify the underlying process of RGC loss, more accurate and timely diagnoses can be made in advance of current clinical endpoints, therefore providing the opportunity to deliver treatment and preserve vision.

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