Nash, Zachary;
Al-Wattar, Bassel H;
Davies, Melanie;
(2022)
Bone and heart health in menopause.
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
, 81
pp. 61-68.
10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.03.002.
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Abstract
Age at menopause has been shown to have an impact on bone and heart health, with younger menopause age consistently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and fracture. These risks are particularly high increased among women who encountering menopause at an early age, including women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause, due to a prolonged period of oestrogen deprivation. Several interventions are suggested to optimise the bone and cardiovascular health of women with menopause including lifestyle modification, dietary supplements, hormonal, and non-hormonal therapies. Hormone therapy (HT) is indicated for women with POI. For women with early menopause, there is a paucity of evidence for the management of bone and cardiovascular health. For women beyond the average age of menopause, HT is not indicated solely for bone protection and cardiovascular health. In this group, screening for bone and heart disease, as well as primary and secondary prevention, should be undertaken in line with national and international guidelines.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Bone and heart health in menopause |
| Location: | Netherlands |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.03.002 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.03.002 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Menopause, Premature ovarian insufficiency, Osteoporosis, Fracture, Cardiovascular disease, Hormone therapy, PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY, HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL, ESTROGEN PLUS PROGESTIN, SEX STEROID REPLACEMENT, MINERAL DENSITY, YOUNG-WOMEN, POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, NATURAL MENOPAUSE, BREAST-CANCER |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL EGA Institute for Womens Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL EGA Institute for Womens Health > Reproductive Health |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10187126 |
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