Daich Varela, Malena;
Schiff, Elena;
Malka, Samantha;
Wright, Genevieve;
Mahroo, Omar A;
Webster, Andrew R;
Michaelides, Michel;
(2024)
PHYH c.678+5G>T Leads to In-Frame Exon Skipping and Is Associated With Attenuated Refsum Disease.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
, 65
(2)
, Article 38. 10.1167/iovs.65.2.38.
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Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the molecular effect of the variant PHYH:c.678+5G>T. This variant has conflicting interpretations in the ClinVar database and a maximum allele frequency of 0.0045 in the South Asian population in gnomAD. METHODS: We recruited patients from Moorfields Eye Hospital (London, UK) and Buenos Aires, Argentina, who were diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa and found to have biallelic variants in PHYH, with at least one being c.678+5G>T. Total RNA was purified from PaxGene RNA-stabilized whole-blood samples, followed by reverse transcription to cDNA, PCR amplification of the canonical PHYH transcript, Oxford Nanopore Technologies library preparation, and single-molecule amplicon sequencing. RESULTS: Four patients provided a blood sample. One patient had isolated retinitis pigmentosa and three had mild extraocular findings. Blood phytanic acid levels were normal in two patients, mildly elevated in one, and markedly high in the fourth. Retinal evaluation showed an intact ellipsoid zone as well as preserved autofluorescence in the macular region in three of the four patients. In all patients, we observed in-frame skipping of exons 5 and 6 in 31.1% to 88.4% of the amplicons and a smaller proportion (0% to 11.3% of amplicons) skipping exon 6 only. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a significant effect of PHYH:c.678+5G>T on splicing of the canonical transcript. The in-frame nature of this may be in keeping with a mild presentation and higher prevalence in the general population. These data support the classification of the variant as pathogenic, and patients harboring a biallelic genotype should undergo phytanic acid testing.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | PHYH c.678+5G>T Leads to In-Frame Exon Skipping and Is Associated With Attenuated Refsum Disease |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1167/iovs.65.2.38 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.65.2.38 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © Copyright 2024 The Authors.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
| Keywords: | Humans, Refsum Disease, Phytanic Acid, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Exons, RNA, Mixed Function Oxygenases |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10188844 |
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