Vale, Claire;
Godolphin, Peter J;
Fisher, David;
Horby, Peter W;
Kosiborod, Mikhail N;
Hochman, Judith S;
Webster, Katie;
... WHO Rapid Evidence Appraisal for COVID-19 Therapies (REACT) Work; + view all
(2024)
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a prospective meta-analysis of randomised trials.
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
, 12
(10)
pp. 735-747.
10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00219-5.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been proposed as a potential treatment for adults hospitalised with COVID-19, due to their potential anti-inflammatory and endothelial protective effects. Published evidence from randomised control trials (RCTs) does not provide evidence of benefit. We aimed to estimate the effect of oral administration of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with usual care or placebo in adults hospitalised with COVID-19. METHODS: Eligible RCTs that estimated the effect of oral administration of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with usual care or placebo on 28-day all-cause mortality (primary outcome) were included in this prospective meta-analysis. The primary safety outcome was ketoacidosis by 28 days. Trials were identified through systematic searches of ClinicalTrials.gov, EudraCT, and the WHO ISRCTN registry between Nov 1, 2022 and Jan 31, 2023. The search terms were "random*" AND "COVID" AND each SGLT2i, not restricted by trial status or language. Individual searches were then combined. Prespecified summary outcome data, overall and within subgroups of interest, were provided by each trial. The primary analyses were inverse variance weighted meta-analysis of odds ratios (ORs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023406442. FINDINGS: Three eligible trials randomly assigned 6096 participants (3025 to the SGLT2 inhibitor group and 3071 to the usual care or placebo group). 2381 (39%) patients were women and 1547 (25%) had type 2 diabetes at randomisation. By 28 days, there were 351 deaths in the SGLT2 inhibitor group and 382 deaths in the usual care or placebo group (summary OR 0·93 [95% CI 0·79-1·08]; p=0·33, I2 for inconsistency across trials 0%). The risk of bias was assessed as being low. Ketoacidosis was observed in seven participants in the SGLT2 inhibitor group and two patients in the usual care or placebo group. INTERPRETATION: Although administration of SGLT2 inhibitor was safe, we found no clear evidence that adding SGLT2 inhibitor therapy improved outcomes in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with usual care or placebo. These data do not support the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as standard treatment in adults hospitalised for COVID-19. FUNDING: None.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a prospective meta-analysis of randomised trials |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00219-5 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00219-5 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. |
| Keywords: | WHO Rapid Evidence Appraisal for COVID-19 Therapies (REACT) Working Group |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology > MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10197619 |
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