Liu, Y; Stoesser, T; (2022) Turbulence Driven Secondary Currents in a Partially Filled Pipe. In: Ortega-Sanchez, M, (ed.) Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress. (pp. pp. 1804-1811). International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR): Granada, Spain.

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Abstract

This paper provides details of the physical mechanisms that lead to the so-called ‘velocity dip’ in partially-filled pipe flows and reveals the interactions between the water surface and the turbulent flow underneath it. Therefore, large eddy simulations of a semi-filled pipe are performed. It is observed that a single pair of symmetric vortices about the vertical pipe bisector forms as a result of the wall-water surface junction turbulence anisotropy. At this wall-water surface junction, imbalance of the production, dissipation and transport of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) leads to non-zero TKE convection, which drives the secondary flow. The distribution of the instantaneous velocity reveals the signatures of wall-bounded turbulent flows near the pipe wall such as large-scale motions and associated hairpin vortices which are convected towards the water surface. Free surface fluctuations are observed which are caused by these hairpin vortices reaching the water surface.

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