Finney, George E;
Hargrave, Kerrie E;
Pingen, Marieke;
Purnell, Thomas;
Todd, David;
MacDonald, Freya;
Worrell, Julie C;
(2023)
Triphasic production of IFNγ by innate and adaptive lymphocytes following influenza A virus infection.
Discovery Immunology
, 2
(1)
, Article kyad014. 10.1093/discim/kyad014.
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Abstract
Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a potent antiviral cytokine that can be produced by many innate and adaptive immune cells during infection. Currently, our understanding of which cells produce IFNγ and where they are located at different stages of an infection is limited. We have used reporter mice to investigate in vivo expression of Ifnγ mRNA in the lung and secondary lymphoid organs during and following influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We observed a triphasic production of Ifnγ expression. Unconventional T cells and innate lymphoid cells, particularly NK cells, were the dominant producers of early Ifnγ, while CD4 and CD8 T cells were the main producers by day 10 post-infection. Following viral clearance, some memory CD4 and CD8 T cells continued to express Ifnγ in the lungs and draining lymph node. Interestingly, Ifnγ production by lymph node natural killer (NK), NKT, and innate lymphoid type 1 cells also continued to be above naïve levels, suggesting memory-like phenotypes for these cells. Analysis of the localization of Ifnγ+ memory CD4 and CD8 T cells demonstrated that cytokine+ T cells were located near airways and in the lung parenchyma. Following a second IAV challenge, lung IAV-specific CD8 T cells rapidly increased their expression of Ifnγ while CD4 T cells in the draining lymph node increased their Ifnγ response. Together, these data suggest that Ifnγ production fluctuates based on cellular source and location, both of which could impact subsequent immune responses.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Triphasic production of IFNγ by innate and adaptive lymphocytes following influenza A virus infection |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/discim/kyad014 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/discim/kyad014 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Immunology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Keywords: | Immune memory, influenza A virus, interferon-gamma, lung, trained immunity |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity |
| URI: | https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10201092 |
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