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How should a cluster randomized trial be analyzed?

Billot, Laurent; Copas, Andrew; Leyrat, Clemence; Forbes, Andrew; Turner, Elizabeth L; (2024) How should a cluster randomized trial be analyzed? Journal of Epidemiology and Population Health , 72 (1) , Article 202196. 10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202196. Green open access

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Abstract

In cluster randomized trials, individuals from the same cluster tend to have more similar outcomes than individuals from different clusters. This correlation must be taken into account in the analysis of every cluster trial to avoid incorrect inferences. In this paper, we describe the principles guiding the analysis of cluster trials including how to correctly account for intra-cluster correlations as well as how to analyze more advanced designs such as stepped-wedge and cluster cross-over trials. We then describe how to handle specific issues such as small sample sizes and missing data.

Type: Article
Title: How should a cluster randomized trial be analyzed?
Location: France
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202196
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202196
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Cluster randomized trials; Stepped-wedge trials; Cluster crossover trials; Analysis
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health
URI: https://discovery-pp.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10202656
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