Lincoln, WE; (1977) Popular Radicalism and the Beginnings of the New Socialist Movement in Britain, 1870-1885. Doctoral thesis , University of London.

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Abstract

This thesis attempts to describe and evaluate the contribution of the popular radical Left to the development of socialist ideas and the emergence of a distinct socialist movement in Britain during the 1870s and early 1880s. The first two chapters focus upon the early 1870s, first examining the general tendencies of popular radicalism in this period and then analyzing the characteristic demands of some of the most militant radicals with a view toward showing how they helped prepare the ground for the seemingly sudden appearance of the new socialist movement a decade later. The third and fourth chapters are concerned with a number of historical factors which combined to create favourable conditions for the initiation of the movement - both general factors such as Britain's changing economic circumstances and the growing challenge to orthodox beliefs about society and the economy, and more specific developments like the anti-Liberal revolt among radicals opposed to coercion in Ireland in 1880-82, the strong land-reform agitation Inspired largely by Henry George and the new ideological ferment on the London radical left at this time. My final section on the Radical newspaper in Chapter IV begins the detailed study of the emergence of a nascent socialist movement in this context,, and its consolidation within the Democratic Federation during the period 1881-84, which is carried on through the last four chapters. These chapters deal with the foundation of the

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