Blaker, JJ; Lee, K-Y; Mantalaris, A; Bismarck, A; (2010) Ice-microsphere templating to produce highly porous nanocomposite PLA matrix scaffolds with pores selectively lined by bacterial cellulose nano-whiskers. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 70 (13) 1879 - 1888. 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.05.028.

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Abstract

The production of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering with provision of a controlled nano-topography remains a significant challenge. Here we have combined an ice-microsphere templating technique with thermally induced phase separation, and by taking advantage of interactions between hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases, lined the pore walls with bacterial cellulose nano-whiskers. The cryogenic technique we have developed not only allows the decoration of the pore walls of 3D porous forms with nano-whiskers but also enables the pore structure, interconnects and surface area to be controlled. Moreover our novel combined solvent extraction and ice sublimation route presented herein preserves the frozen-in structure.

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