Zarkali, A;
Gorgoraptis, N;
Miller, R;
John, L;
Merve, A;
Thust, S;
Jager, R;
... Swayne, O; + view all
(2017)
CD8+ encephalitis: a severe but treatable HIV-related acute encephalopathy.
Practical Neurology
, 17
(1)
pp. 42-46.
10.1136/practneurol-2016-001483.
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Abstract
Rapidly progressive encephalopathy in an HIV-positive patient presents a major diagnostic and management challenge. CD8+ encephalitis is a severe but treatable form of HIV-related acute encephalopathy, characterised by diffuse perivascular and intraparenchymal CD8+ lymphocytic infiltration. It can occur in patients who are apparently stable on antiretroviral treatment and probably results from viral escape into the central nervous system. Treatment, including high-dose corticosteroids, can give an excellent neurological outcome, even in people with severe encephalopathy and a very poor initial neurological status. We report a woman with CD8+ encephalitis, with a normal CD4 count and undetectable serum viral load, who made a good recovery despite the severity of her presentation.
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